CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
Conditional (Kalimat Pengandaian) menjelaskan bahwa sebuah kegiatan bertentangan dengan kegiatan yang lain. Conditional yang paling umum adalah Real Conditonal dan Unreal Conditonal, kadang-kadang disebut juga if-clauses.
1. Zero Conditional
Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran umum atau sudah pasti benar . Tense yang digunakan biasanya Present Simple Tense. Pada tipe ini, '' if '' sering digantikan dengan "when".
Example :
Example :
- If you put ice cream in the freezer, it freezes.
- If she don't go to her school, her Mom will be angry.
2. Conditional type I (Real Conditional).
Menggambarkan tentang mengandai-andai sesuai dengan fakta. Maybe yes maybe no. (seandainya... / jika..) (dimasa mendatang, belum pasti). Tenses yang digunakan adalah Simple Present Tense.
If + S + V1, S + will + V1 |
Example :
- If I have a lot of money, I will go around the world
- If it rains , I will become an ojek payung boy
- If I see you tomorrow, I will buy a cake
Kita sering menggunakan unless yang artinya 'jika... tidak
3. Conditional type II (Unreal Conditional).
Tidak sesuai fakta. Pengandaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan apa yang ada / terjadi sekarang atau belakangan ini, atau berimajinasi. Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sebuah harapan. Tenses yang digunakan adalah Simple Past Tense.
If + S + V2 / were, S + would / could / might (be) + V1 |
Example :
- If I could fly, I would grab the star
- If I were a boy, I would hit you
- He would tell you if he were here
- I might study in university if i graduated from senior high school
fact : I don't study in university because i don't graduate from
senior high school.
- Well, if you were to be my girl, um.. i could wait for you in the rain,
with no umbrellas in my hands, i could just wait...
*royal pirates (sooyoon) - one hudred roses lyrics
4. Conditional Type III.
Dari dulu sudah tidak mungkin. Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sebuah kondisi di masa yang lampau yang tidak mungkin akan terjadi lagi. Sering digunakan untuk mengkritik atau penyesalan. Tenses yang digunakan adalah Past Perfect Tense.
If + S + Had + V3, S + would + have (been) +V3 |
Example :
- If I have known you were ill, I would have visited you.
- If I have known you were ill, I would have visited you.
- If I hadn't helped you, you would have failed.
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These are my own sentences :
- If you don't go at 8 am, you will be late.
- If the teacher is in the office, you can take your score paper.
- If I pay his attention , I will not get punish from him.
- If the price of new one ok rock album were only for free, I would be very happy.
- If my mother had had a plane, we would have made a cool trip around the world.
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PASSIVE VOICE
A. pengertian
Passive voice yang dalam bahasa indonesia disebut juga kalimat pasif, adalah bentuk kalimat yang lebih menekankan objek (nomina penderita) daripada subjek (pelaku). Ketika diterjemahkan, kalimat ini diawali dengan awalan di-/ ter- yang berlawanan dengan kalimat aktif, berlawanan me- atau ber-
B. Pola kalimat
Pola kalimat yang digunakan pada passive voice adalah di bentuk dari :
S + to be + Verb 3
to give : mengambil ------> to be given : diambil
to receive : menerima ------> to be received : diterima
contoh :
ACTIVE | PASSIVE |
Has a dog ever bitten you? | Have you ever been bitten by a dog ? |
My grandfather built this house | This house was built by my grandfather |
SIMPLE PRESENT ( am / is / are + Verb3 )
Active : Somebody clean this room everyday.
Passive : This room is cleaned everyday.
- Many accident are caused by dangerous driving.
- I'm not often invited to parties.
- How many people are injured inroad accidents everyday?
SIMPLE PAST ( was / were + Verb-3 )
Active : Somebody cleaned this room yesterday
passive : This room was cleaned yesterday
- During the night we were all waken up by loud explosion
- When was castle built?
- The house wasn't damaged in the storm but a tree was blown down.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS ( am / is /are + verb 3 )
Active : Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment
Passive : The room is being cleaned at the moment
- Look at those old house ! They are being knocked down.
- (shop assistant to customer) Are you being served, madam ?
PAST CONTINUOUS ( was / were being / + verb-3 )
Active : Somebody was cleaning this room when I arrived.
Passive : The room was being cleaned when I arrived
- Suddenly I heard footsteps behind me. We were being followed.
PRESENT PERFECT ( have / has been + verb-3 )
Active : The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it.
Passive : The room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
- Have you heard the news? They president has been shot.
- Have you ever been bitten by a dog ?
- I'm not going to the party. I haven't been invited.
PAST PERFECT ( had been + Verb-3 )
Active : The room looked much better. Somebody had cleaned it.
Passive : The room locked much better. It had been cleaned.
- Jim didn't know about the change of plans. He hadn't been told.
These are my own sentences:
- This one ok rock song was suggested by my friend because i love all about japan so much.
- 10 soy milks was bought by my mom
- The ball was being played by my brother when i came
- I know him since I was introduced by my friend
- The book which i wanted to buy was not in the its shelf, I thought it had been bought.
taken from : www.ismailmidi.com
